Sheep location around mountain massifs and upper areas of Atlantic valleys, reflects the close relationship between sheep production and mountain pasture utilisation. This is favoured by the availability of communal areas in these mountains. The mountain pasture utilisation lasts 4 months (May-December), when mating and-or most of the pregnancies take place. Sheep are managed in a free-range system. Night resting areas are located on hill summits, so, animals graze preferentially the sloping areas nearby. This is favoured by ewe grazing behaviour (early in the morning and during the evening). Nowadays, an increasing presence of cows and mares, makes conflicts of interests arise between animal species. Therefore, communal areas need to be used rationally and management plans will have to be defined based on the existing knowledge of animal behaviour. Inclusion of methodological approaches that allow taking into account multiple goals, such as participatory research and modelling, is considered to be compulsory in this task.