The Black Sicilian pig, despite its reduction in size over the last years, still has by comparison to other local Italian pig breeds a certain farming importance. The breed is today farmed with extensive or semi-extensive systems in the Nebrodi mountains, Sicily. The survey suggests the presence of 500-600 sows and 100-130 boars with good breed characteristics. Sixty-six farms were surveyed, with a mean surface of 165.7 ha and 8 sows on average (range 1-33). Age at first parturition is 10.5 months, reproductive carrier is of 6.3 years for sows and 3 years for boars, weaned litter size is 7.7. Age (7-18 months) and weight (50-120 kg) at slaughter show high variability. It is urgent to develop management programmes, including marketing of niche products, in order to halt breed decline.