This paper briefly recalls the global situation of beekeeping around the Mediterranean area, number of countries (17), bee colonies (9,500,000) and number of beekeepers involved (540,000). The author refers to the difficulty of having relevant data, if any, to appreciate the real economic implications of beekeeping and agriculture from the point of view of pollination. The cost of the control is incredibly variable, the incidence of stockrebuilding is difficult to appreciate. The evolution of the situation in the last few years is bringing beekeeping to a dangerous situation with no official effort tending to organize chemical Varroa control with an alternation of the active ingredients in the treatments. The cost of the officially registered control products when they are not state supported is maintaining the habit of the great majority of bee-owners of trying to use any ingredient, even inadequate, disregarding the long-term effect on their hives and residues in bee-products. The result is a decrease of the bee-stock and the number of small beekeepers mainly in the southern part of the area. The related bee-diseases - virosis, chalk brood, etc. and their economic influence are only mentioned here.