Les techniques modernes d'irrigation et les économies d'eau

Rieul R.

Irrigation performances improved by technical involvment and make water savings possible. In surface irrigation, a better control of water distribution on the head of the parcels is possible, using modern mechanic devises. Performances (70-80 per cent) can be reached with these devices, with a correct land leveling and a good irrigation control. Sprinkler irrigation involved to solid set systems, without movable parts, or to self propelled irrigation machines. Large areas can be sprinkled by these systems, without manual operation. Good performances (85-90 per cent), can be reached with these but without wind. With micro-irrigation water supplies can be furthemore precisely controlled. This system needs less pressure and so less energy than sprinkler irrigation. But they need clean water and they are expensive. Progress have been reached for all sorts of irrigation. All of these offer advantages and disavantages. All of the farm constraints should be regarded for a system selection.

Mots-clés    

CONSERVATION DE L'EAU, MATERIEL D'IRRIGATION, METHODE D'IRRIGATION, TRANSFERT DE TECHNOLOGIE

Citer cet article    

Rieul R. Les techniques modernes d'irrigation et les économies d'eau. Etat de l'agriculture en Méditerranée : Ressources en eau : développement et gestion dans les pays méditerranéens . Bari : CIHEAM, 1993. p. 177-197. (Cahiers Options Méditerranéennes; n. 1(1)). Development and Management in Mediterranean Countries, 1992/09/03-09, Adana (Turkey). http://om.ciheam.org/om/pdf/c01-1/94001218.pdf