American plum line pattern virus (APLPV) was reported for the first time in the Mediterranean, isolated from Japanese plum in Palestine. Its identification was based on particle morphology, biological, serological and molecular properties. A survey was carried out in Apulia (Italy) and Murcia (Spain), by ELISA and molecular hybridization, to check for the presence of APLPV in plums. Only 4 out of the 671 tested samples turned to be positive for APLPV. These samples originated from a virus collection (Apulia) which in turn was previously collected from Apulia and Sicily (Italy), Albania and Tunisia. The positive samples were collected from symptomatic trees showing ring and me patterns from chlorotic to yellowing. No positives were detected from the Spanish samples.