This paper describes previous studies which have demonstrated the potential use of on-farm water management and associated limitations and a brief background on the water resources, agriculture and crop rotation patterns in Nile Delta is provided. In Egypt, research projects and studies provide an ample evidence of the urgent need to improve on-farm water management such as: implementation of integrated management of irrigation and drainage water management, limitations of drainage water reuse for irrigation under normal and saline soils, ground water contributions for crop water requirements, optimization of the irrigation time to suit the soil and plant conditions, design and management of surface irrigation system, as well as improvement of the irrigation delivery system and development of tertiary system (meska). This data will be developed to assist the management decisions regarding water delivery and drainage for the Nile Delta. Finally, this study could be used to make recommendations on the adoption of improved irrigation practices in crop production and use of viable solutions that may be diffused throughout the country on large scale basis for water saving and then sustainable agriculture development in Nile Delta.