The international meeting AGROPINE2011 aimed at bringing together the main research groups and potential users in order to gather the current knowledge on Mediterranean stone pine as a nut crop and to analyse its potential and current challenges. The Meeting was organised by the FAO-CIHEAM Network on Nuts, the Mediterranean Agronomic Institute of Zaragoza (IAMZ-CIHEAM), the Spanish National Institute for Agricultural and Food Research and Technology (INIA), the Institute for Agro-food Research and Technologies of Catalonia (IRTA), the Forestry and Forest Industry Services and Promotion Centre (CESEFOR, Centro de Servicios y Promoción Forestal y de su Industria de Castilla y León), and the Forest Sciences Centre of Catalonia (CTFC).