Camelidae do not occupy a very important position in world livestock and nevertheless, their contribution to the well-being of the people in the regions where they are found is capital. There are some 15.5 million camels and dromedaries in the world, of which almost 13 million are found in Africa. Most of the remaining 2.5 million is found in the Indian subcontinent. The present study examines the importance of dromedaries in their origin regions, according to the environmental and social factors that affect their distribution.