The Medicago arborea germplasm collection has been completed, during 1992, by five populations collected from the islands Kos and Karpathos. The selection for cold and drought resistance, starting some years ago, it is now in progress. Promising shrubs have been selected to be used as clones, after vegetative propagation, in further breeding work. A randomized complete plot experiment was established, in autumn, 1991 for the agronomical evaluation of nine M. arborea populations in Larissa, Messochori and Rhodos.