The Pinus pinea forest in Strofylia, Western Peloponisos, belongs to a wider system of coastal dunes and wetlands that are included in the RAMSAR convention and the Natura 2000 European Network. Great regeneration problems of the species in the area, have been reported since 1954. Since then, several hypotheses have been made to explain the reasons for the species regeneration failure. However, the causes for this phenomenon have not been determined yet. This study is a part of the Life Project 2002/Nat/Gr/8491 and examines the hypothesis that species regeneration absence may be attributed to the one of the following three conditions: 1) insufficient seed supply, 2) insufficient seed germination under the mother stands and 3) seedling growth is prohibited or it is very low. The first condition was checked by measuring cone and seed production of the stands. The second condition was checked by: i) examining germination of the seed produced by mother stands in the laboratory, ii) seed germination testing under different light conditions similar to understorey environment, iii) seed germination testing under high salt concentrations and iv) in situ seeding. The third condition was checked by i) in situ planting seedlings and monitoring their field performance ii) monitoring the germinated seeds and iii) examining grazing effect. Even though some of the experiments are still in progress, the findings showed that: Seed production of the mother stands is very low, seed quality is high, light conditions do not affect seed germination, high salt concentrations prohibit seed germination, seeding in situ was sufficiently successful, planting in situ was very successful and grazing effect is very important to seedling establishment and growth.