Presently in Cyprus, the agricultural land consists of 216,000 ha. The irrigated land amounts to 35,000 ha (16.2 percent of the total agricultural land) with provision to be expanded. The irrigated agriculture in semi arid countries like Cyprus demands large amounts of water and faces the serious challenge to increase or at least sustain agricultural production while coping with less and/or lower quality water. There is an increasing concern about the effective and efficient utilization of water for agriculture and water conservation in general. The percentage of water demand in Cyprus for permanent and annual crop is 59 percent and 41 percent, respectively. This accounts 95.8 MCM/year and 65.5 MCM/year. The promotions of effective water use and on farm water management were identified as important contributions to the management strategy needed to address problems of water scarcity and practicing intensive agriculture on environmentally sound grounds. The scarcity of water together with the high cost, have become real constraints for irrigated agriculture.