42 genotypes were sampled: 10 P. khinjuk genotypes (Siirt, Gaziantep); 20 P. atlantica and 10 P. terebinthus genotypes (Adana, Aydin, Manisa); and 2 P. vera varieties (Kirmizi, Siirt). Leaf samples of these trees were used for DNA fingerprinting by the Randomly Amplified Polymorphic DNA (RAPD) technique. From a preliminary screen of RAPD primers, the most polymorphic 10 primers were selected and used for fingerprinting and characterization of 42 Pistacia genotypes. A total of 138 fragments were generated and 128 were polymorphic at the intra- or inter-specific level. The four Pistacia species are clearly separated from each other. P. terebinthus appears to be the most diverged species. The samples identified as P. khinjuk should be probably classified as P. eurocarpa based on their morphology and molecular data. Samples 27-K-01 and 27-K-02 are probably hybrids between P. vera and P. terebinthus, while tree 56-K-08 may be a hybrid between P. vera and P. eurocarpa.