The authors have evaluated quantitatively the species of flora in Puglia considered at some level to be endangered. This evaluation was carried out on the basis of the information in 'The Red Book of Italian Plants' concerning species on the National Red List and in 'Regional Red Lists of Plants' concerning species on the Regional Red List. There are 180 taxa at risk, including 74 species on the National Red List and 106 on the Regional Red List. On the basis of the I.U.C.N. categories 4 species are now extinct in nature; 69 are seriously endangered; 42 endangered; 46 vulnerable; 9 at lower risk; while for 9 data are insufficient. As for the habitats at risk and thus in need of protection, 43 habitats mentioned in the EU Directive 92/43 have been found in Puglia, including 13 priority habitats and 30 habitats of interest to the EU. To these have been added a further 13 habitats not contemplated in the Directive, but deserving protection at national level and defined here as 'additional habitats'.